Page 181 - Water Standards
P. 181
be met:
1) For a finished excavation tunnel, a clearance of 40cm
should be left at the top and two sides, and a clearance of
50cm at the bottom for a horizontal pipe. A clearance of
40cm shall be left around the inclined pipe. The clearance
shall be appropriately increased for those with a small di⁃
ameter.
2) The concrete buttress or wall supporting the steel pipe shall
have the strength above 70% of design value.
3) The diameter of the anchor bar embedded around the steel
pipe shall be no less than 20mm, and the mortar in the
embedding hole shall have the strength above 70%.
4) Observation control points shall be set up securely, with
obvious mark. The number and position of control points
shall meet the installation requirements.
5) Build staging, set up safety protection devices, and es⁃
tablish clear contact signals. When the inclined shaft is
long, effective ventilation and smoke exhaust shall be in⁃
stalled.
2 Installation procedure and principles:
1) Steel pipe installation procedures shall be decided by
factors including the steel pipe intake, concrete feeding
direction, number of working surfaces, construction
period and geological conditions, etc.
2) When hoisting and transporting conditions permit, large
section installation should be preferred. Steel pipe instal⁃
lation and concrete pouring should be carried out alter⁃
nately by section, and the length of each section shall be
based on the precondition of ensuring concrete pouring
quality. The concrete placement should be done by pum⁃
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