Page 177 - Water Standards
P. 177
quirements for permanent structures, to ensure the stability of the up⁃
per surrounding rock while excavating downwards.
3 7 4 The reinforcement of covered entrances shall meet the
following requirements:
1 When a concrete structure is adopted for the upper part of the
shaft, for the convenience of setting up the form and the safety, the
roof concrete should be poured before the excavation of the lower part,
which is good for the stability of the surrounding rock.
2 The surrounding rock at the connecting segment between the
shaft and the penstock usually has weak resistance to any stress, and
shall be reinforced before construction of the shaft.
3 7 5 Temporary supports shall meet the following requirements:
1 Temporary supports after shaft excavation shall meet the re⁃
quirements in Section 2 4 of this specification.
2 When a small section shaft, the broken rocks may be rein⁃
forced by the method of in⁃situ concrete.
3 Sections with surrounding rock of Types Ⅳ and Ⅴ shall be
reinforced in good time by the method of excavating while lining or
pre⁃grouting.
4 When there is an unfavorable joint composition in the shaft
wall, anchorage shall be done in a timely way.
3 7 6 Steel bar subsection construction shall meet the following re⁃
quirements:
1 For construction with ordinary forms, circumferential steel
bars shall be segmented according to the actual size, and vertical bars
shall be segmented according to the standing elevation of the form
each time.
2 For construction with sliding formwork, the vertical bars (or
axial bars) should not be longer than 6m, and the circumferential
bars should not be longer than 7m.
1 7 0